我国农产品出口结构与竞争力的实证分析

The Analysis of Agro-Products' Export Structure and Competitive Capacity in China

我国农产品出口已经进入新的快速增长阶段。本文系统分析了农产品出口的商品结构、地区结构、市场结构以及出口经营主体结构的特征与变化,并用显示比较优势指数(RCA)、贸易竞争力指数(TC)以及国际市场份额等评价了我国农产品出口的国际竞争力,实证分析显示农产品出口贸易结构总体反映了我国农业资源的禀赋和比较优势特征,主要集中在具有竞争优势的劳动密集型农产品,但与农产品出口大国相比,整体竞争力弱,处于低竞争劣势,部分劳动密集型农产品具有国际竞争力。

China＇s export of ago-products has entered a new stage of rapid growth. This paper systematically analyzes the main structure and feature of agro-products export in the commodities structure, regional structure, the structure of market and the main management structure of exports, Also, the paper uses RCA index, TC index etc. to evaluate agro-products＇ export competitive capacity. Empirical analysis shows that overall structure of agro-products export reflects China＇s agro-resources and comparative advantage features--they focused on labor-intensive agro-products with competitive advantages. But compared with the top countries of agro-products＇ export, the overall competitive capacity is weak and some labor-intensive product has international competitive capacity.