噬菌体与病毒对常用消毒处理的抗力比较研究

COMPARISON OF RESISTANCE TO COMMON DISINFECTION TREATMENT BETWEEN PHAGES AND VIRUSES

目的以大肠杆菌F2噬菌体为指标,研究噬菌体作为病毒灭活指标的可行性。方法采用悬液定量试验法,观察了大肠杆菌F2噬菌体对7种常用化学消毒剂的抵抗力,并与脊髓灰质炎病毒进行了平行比较。结果以含250 mg/L有效氯消毒液作用10 min,对大肠杆菌F2噬菌体和脊髓灰质炎病毒灭活对数值分别为3.65和4.33。2000 mg/L过氧乙酸作用5 min,对该噬菌体和病毒灭活对数值分别为>5.0和4.84。200 mg/L二氧化氯作用10min,对该噬菌体和病毒灭活对数值分别为3.79和4.33。用5000 mg/L戊二醛作用5 min,对该噬菌体和病毒灭活对数值分别为3.52和>4.0。以含有效碘1000 mg/L的碘伏作用5 min,含体积分数75%乙醇的医用酒精作用3min,对大肠杆菌F2噬菌体的灭活对数值均达到5以上。结论大肠杆菌F2噬菌体对含氯消毒剂,二氧化氯,过氧乙酸和戊二醛等化学消毒剂抵抗力略强于脊髓灰质炎病毒;碘伏和乙醇在常规剂量作用下,可有效灭活大肠杆菌F2噬菌体;苯扎溴铵和醋酸氯己定使用常规剂量不能完全灭活大肠杆菌F2噬菌体。

Objective To study the feasibility of using phage as the indicator of inactivation of virus with E. coliphage F2 as the indicator. Methods Suspension quantitative test was used to observe the resistance OfE. coliphage F2 to 7 common chemical disinfectants and to compare parallelly with poliovirus. Results The inactivation logarithm values of E. coliphage F2 and poliovirus exposed to the disinfection solution containing available chlorine 250 mg/L for 10 rain were 3.65 and 4.33 respectively. Their inactivation logarithm values were 〉 5.0 and 4.84 respectively after exposure to 2000 mg/L peracetic acid for 5 rain, 3.79 and 4.33 respectively after exposure to 200 mg/L chlorine dioxide for 10 rain, 3.52 and 〉 4.0 respectively after exposure to 5000 mg/L glutaraldehyde for 5 rain. The inactivation logarithm value of E. coliphage F2 exposed to iodophor containing available iodine 1000 mg/L for 5 rain or medical alcohol containing 75% （v/v） ethanol for 3 rain was 〉 5. Condusion The resistance of E. coliphage F2 to chemical disinfectants such as chlorine- containing disinfectant, chlorine dioxide, peracetic acid and glutaraldehyde is slightly higher than that of poliovirus. Indophor and ethanol at conventional dosage can effectively inactivate E. col（phage F2, while bromogeramine and chlorhexidine acetate at conventional dosage can not completely inactivate E. coliphage F2.