中国外贸法下的贸易报复机制及其预期的适用

中国现行的贸易报复机制源于1994年《对外贸易法》,它的形成和发展有着特定的经济和文化背景。这一机制在本质上并不违反世贸组织规则,但那些情绪化的贸易报复条款在将来的修订中应加以改革,因为即使没有这些条款,中国作为世贸组织成员仍享有对采取歧视性贸易保护措施的国家实施贸易报复的权利。然而,鉴于世贸组织争端解决机制所确立的贸易报复规则也是不完善的,诉诸于世贸组织贸易报复机制并不意味着争端一定能公正地得以解决。因此,在“和平崛起”战略下,中国对贸易争端的处理将做战略性调整,从长远来说,在贸易争端中采取灵活的策略乃至适当的让步而不是过去那种针锋相对的对抗,不会延缓中国经济振兴的进程。

China＇ s present trade retaliation mechanism originates from its Foreign Trade Law of 1994. It has been developed against particular economic and cultural backgrounds. Although this mecha- nism is, in essence, not against the relevant WTO rules, the emotional trade retaliation provisions in China＇s trade policy regime shoud be reformed in the future since, even without these provisions, China, as a WTO Member, still has the right to trade retaliation against countries that adopt discriminated trade protection measures against Chinese exports. However, due to the imperfection of the trade retaliation rules under WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanism （DSM） , resorting to WTO trade retaliation mechanism does not necessarily mean the fair solution of disputes. China should make adjustments to its trade disputes resolution mechanism under the strategy of ＂peaceful rise＂.