大穗型超级杂交粳稻辽优3072生理生化特性研究

Study on Physiological Characteristics of Large-panicled Japonica Super Hybrid Rice Liaoyou3072

为了研究北方大穗型杂交粳稻超高产的生理基础,为选育大穗型的北方杂交粳稻提供育种理论。对北方大穗型超级杂交粳稻辽优3072进行了产量结构和生理特性的研究。结果表明:与大穗型恢复系C52和小穗稳产型推广品种辽粳294相比,辽优3072灌浆中后期,叶片与根系的SOD、CAT、POD活性高、Vc、脯氨酸、叶绿素与可溶性糖含量较高,根系MDA含量较低,从而使辽优3072叶片同化产物生产旺盛,根系不早衰,有利于抵抗衰老和逆境,这是大穗型杂交稻辽优3072获得超高产的生理生化基础。同时也探讨了辽优3072各生理生化指标与亲本之间的关系。辽优3072的叶片SOD和CAT含量与父本显著相关,总叶绿素含量与母本显著相关,根系中SOD含量与父本显著相关。

In order to study the physiological base on super high yield of the northern japonica hybrid rice and offer breeding theory about large-panicle northern japonica hybrid rice. The yield structure and physiological characteristics of large-panicle japonica super hybrid rice Liaoyou 3072 were studied. The results indicated that the activities of SOD, CAT, POD and the content of Ve, praline, chlorophyll and the soluble carbohydrate were higher than large-panicled restorer line C52 and small-panicled the variety Liaojing294 which was used widely in production, and the content of MDA was lower than that of C52 and Liaojing294 during the middle and late grain-filling stage. It was shown that strong assimilation in leaf and no-early-seneseed root became the physiological base of high yielding for Liaoyou3072. As the same time, the relationship in physiological characteristics of Liaoyou3072 to its parents was discussed. Liaoyou3072 has significant correlation with male parent on SOD and CAT content and chlorophyll content with female parent on of leaf and it has significant correlation with male parent on SOD of root system.