不同温度下甘草萤叶甲实验种群生命表

Life table of the laboratory population of Diorhbda tarsalis Weise at different temperatures

甘草萤叶甲Diorhbda tarsalis Weise是危害甘草叶部的重要害虫,为有效防治该虫,组建了甘草萤叶甲种群生命表。分别在15、18、21、23、25、27、30、33和36℃恒温下,观察了甘草萤叶甲实验种群的发育历期、存活率、产卵量、寿命等,估算了甘草萤叶甲的发育起点温度和有效积温,组建了实验种群生命表。结果表明:在试验温度范围内,甘草萤叶甲的发育历期随温度升高而缩短;卵期、一龄幼虫、二龄幼虫、三龄幼虫、全幼虫期、蛹期、成虫产卵前期和整个世代的发育起点温度分别为6．94、11．17、6．30、5．49、8．48、10．53、11．65和8．98℃,有效积温分别为180．88、66．74、78．94、85．42、223．18、85．12、143．67和645．45日度;在18～36℃范围内,温度越高,成虫产卵前期、产卵期和寿命越短,25℃时雌虫产卵量最大,15℃时雌虫不产卵;23～30℃是该虫存活和繁殖的最适温区;种群趋势指数与温度的关系呈抛物线变化,25℃时种群趋势指数最大。

Diorhbda tarsalis Weise is one of main pests on Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. In order to control this pest efficiently, the laboratory population life table of Diorhbda tarsalis Weise was studied. The developmental duration, survival rate, eggs laid and longevity of Diorhbda tarsalis were observed at 15, 18, 21, 23, 25, 27, 30, 33 and 36℃. The developmental threshold temperature and effective accumulated temperature were estimated. The results showed that durations of its various stages were shortened as temperature rose at the range of 15 -36℃. The developmental threshold temperatures for eggs, 1st instar larvae, 2nd instar larvae, 3rd instar larvae, larvae, pupae, preoviposition and generation were 6.94, 11.17, 6.30, 5.49, 8.48, 10.53, 11.65 and 8.98℃, and the effective accumulated temperatures were 180.88, 66.74, 78.94, 85.42,223.18, 85.12, 143.67,645.45 day-degree, respectively. The time of eggs laid became early and the duration of eggs laid became short with the temperature increasing at the range from 18℃ to 36℃ Number of eggs laid per female was maximum at 25℃ and the female did not lay eggs at 15℃. The most suitable temperature range for Diorhbda tarsalis living was 23 -30℃. Population trend index was the highest at 25℃ and the relationship between population trend index and temperatures was parabola.