不同小麦品种抗赤霉病性类型和抗毒素积累能力分析

The types of resistance to Fusarium head blight and deoxynivalenol content in the heads of different wheat germplasms

赤霉病是我国小麦上的重要病害,品种抗病性利用是控制病害发生的重要措施,明确小麦抗赤霉病资源的抗性类型,有利于小麦抗赤霉病育种。2003年和2004年对9个常用抗源在穗期进行单花滴注和喷雾接种,研究其抗侵染和抗扩展性,并对病穗中的脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)的含量进行分析。结果表明,望水白和苏麦3号具较好的抗侵染和抗扩展能力,其中望水白的抗扩展性最好;感染赤霉病后,DON在5个抗源穗组织中的含量差异显著,DON在望水白和繁60096穗组织中积累量明显比在苏麦3号、延岗坊主和翻山小麦低。通过对望水白/安农8455遗传群体两年的病小穗率和病穗中DON毒素含量的比较,发现二者具有一定的相关性,且受环境影响比较大。

Fusarium head blight （FHB） is a devastating disease of wheat. Utilization of FHB resistant resources to breed the resistant wheat is a potential strategy to control FHB. Studying the resistant type of resistant resources will be beneficial to breeding resistant wheat varieties. The resistance to FHB initial infection and spread of 9 wheat resistant resources were investigated in 2003 and 2004, and the content of deoxynivalenol （DON） after infection was also analyzed. The results showed that Wangshuibai, Sumai 3, Yangangfangzhu and Zhen 74-95 were resistant to both initial infection and spread. Wangshuibai was the best at two types of FHB resistance. The DON analysis showed DON accumulation in Wangshuibai and Fan 60096 was less than that in the other verities. Comparing infected spikelets and DON content in Wangshuibai/Annong 8455 population indicated that there were some correlations between them and that was influenced by the environment conditions.