甲烷催化燃烧催化剂研究进展

PROGRESS OF STUDY ON THE CATALYSTS FOR METHANE COMBUSTION

甲烷催化燃烧的目的是通过催化作用降低燃料的起燃温度,加深甲烷氧化程度,从而提高燃料利用率。概述了甲烷催化燃烧的催化机理及硫化物和水蒸气对催化剂活性的影响,综述了近年来有代表性的催化剂体系尤其是非贵金属催化剂的研究进展:贵金属催化剂具有很高的催化活性,但一般热稳定性差,成本较高;钙钛矿型催化剂和六铝酸盐系列催化剂有很好的高温催化活性,因其价格较低,有更好的发展前景;固溶体催化剂对于甲烷催化燃烧反应也有良好的催化活性和稳定性,但对此类催化剂的研究还较少,建议研究者予以重视。

Methane combustion aims to reduce the fuel's initiate burning temperature by catalysis,then to intensify the methane oxidation,and finally to improve the fuel's utilization ratio.This paper sums up the catalysis mechanism of methane combustion and tells about how sulfide and water vapour have influence on the catalyst's activation.It also introduces the progress of study on the representative catalysts especially those cheap metals as catalysts in recent years.Although precious metals have high performance of catalysis,their cost will be much higher with rather worse thermostability.Both metaperovskite and hexa-aluminate series as catalysts have a bright developing prospect because they have good catalytic performance at high temperature with relatively low cost.Solid-liquid catalysts also have good performance and thermostability for methane combustion;unfortunately present studies on this type of catalyst are still limited and so extremely necessary to be paid much more attention.