共生微生物在植物离体快繁中的应用潜力

Symbiotic Microorganism:A Powerful Tool Integrated with Plant Micropropagation

获得品质优良的种苗是植物离体快繁中的技术关键,但在生产环节中出现的组培苗玻璃化现象、移栽后的脱水萎蔫伤亡、放养群体低抗逆性等共性问题仍具挑战性。无菌条件下体外再生植株导致与之自然共生的微生物的缺失是其中的重要原因,而共生菌与宿主植物存在自然的共生关系并对宿主发挥独特的生理功能,能有效提高存活率,帮助幼苗抵御移栽后的不良环境;对某些药用植物而言,还能促进其次生物质的积累。文中综述了国内外学者将共生菌引入植物快繁技术所取得的成果,并分析了其应用潜力。

Producing the plantlets with excellent quality is the key issue in plant micropropagation. However, one of the major impediments to the success of micropropagation is the very high mortality rate due to the vitrification of shoots, wilting and pathogenic infection. The plantlets, generated in vitro under aseptic conditions, eliminate all microbes including natural symbionts also. Endophytes and mycorrhizal fungi could establish the symbiosis relationships with host and have some beneficial attributes to plants by enhancing the survival rates and alleviating the transplantation shock of micropropagated plantlets. In some medicinal plant, symbiotic microorganism could also stimulate the accumulation of secondary metabolites. Recent advances are reviewed in this paper regarding the potentialities of the symbiotic microorganism in micropropagation and the technology will be integrated with plant tissue culture system.