智能钻井电缆传输电接头设计

Design on electrical connectors of cable transmission in intelligent wells

在钻井的各种信号传输中,电缆传输有着固有的优点,是未来智能钻井信号传输的发展方向。在电缆传输中,要求钻杆公母接头旋紧时能自动实现电缆电路相通,而要实现这一功能必须在每根电缆的端点连接一个特殊设计的电接头。在分析研究了国外各种电接头设计的基础上,根据电接头工作状态和环境,重新设计出一种新型电接头。该电接头采用了圆柱压缩螺旋弹簧结构,延长了其寿命、降低了接触电阻,增强了密封性能;在密封件端部采用了唇形结构,使电接头具有自洁功能;充分利用钻杆公母接头连接处空间,降低了钻井液循环能耗。具有结构简单、密封性能好、自动补偿、自洁、吸振及抗扭等功能,且对钻杆接头类型、钻井工艺参数都无任何特殊要求。该电接头的设计对电缆传输技术的发展起到了一定的推动作用。

Cable transmission has its intrinsic advantages and it is the development tendency of intelligent drilling among all kinds of signal transmission. The circuit is required to be automatically switched on electricity as the pin end and box end of drillpipes are screwed together. A specially designed electrical connector must be fixed on each end of the cable to carry out the function. Based on analyzing various overseas designs of electrical connectors and their working conditions, the redesigns a new type electrical connector. The structure of helcial spring of cylindrical compression is adopted, which prolongs its service life, reduces its contact resistance, and improves its sealing capacity. Lip structure is designed at the end of the sealing components, making the electrical connector has self-cleaning function. This newly designed electrical connector makes full use of the contact space of the pin end and box end of drillpipes and reduces the energy consumption of drilling fluid circulation. It also has the functions of simple structure, better sealing property, automatic compensation, automatic cleaning capability, absorbing vibration, and anti-torsional capacity, etc What's more, it has no special requirement on the types of drillpipes connectors and the drill operating parameters. The new design promotes the development of cable transmission technology to a certain extent.