以茎尖组培苗检测甘蔗体内内生固氮菌的固氮活性

The Detection of Activity for Endophytic Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria in Sugarcane(Saccharrum officinarum L.) by Stem Apical Culture Seedlings

以巴西引进的甘蔗品种‘B1’、‘B3’、‘B5’、‘B8’以及广西地区栽培品种‘新台糖16号’和‘桂糖11号’的茎尖进行组织培养,对其继代4次的茎尖组培苗进行有氮与无氮培养比较以及于温室中无氮盆栽品种比较试验的结果表明,经茎尖培养的甘蔗品种其原有的固氮能力不丧失,4个巴西甘蔗品种的固氮能力和在无氮下的生长能力强于广西主栽品种‘新台糖16号’和‘桂糖11号’,无氮培养的巴西甘蔗品种氮含量较高,固氮活性较强,缺氮症状出现时间较迟;无氮盆栽的巴西甘蔗品种株高、分蘖、叶片的固氮活性等均优于‘新台糖16号’和‘桂糖11号’。

Sugarcane stem apical culture was conducted with introduced varieties ＇B 1＇, ＇B3＇, ＇B5＇, and ＇B8＇ from Brazil and domestic varieties ＇GT11＇ and ＇ROC16＇ to investigate the effect of tissue culture on the endophytic nitrogen fixation ability of the plants. The plants derived from stem apical culture that had been cloned for 4 generations were treated with and without nitrogen. The other experiment was conducted by pot culture without nitrogen fertilizer in the greenhouse. The results indicated that the regenerated plants of the tested sugarcane varieties did not lose the biological nitrogen fixation ability after stem apical culture. Under non-nitrogen condition, the nitrogen fixation capacity and growing vitality of the Brazilian varieties ＇B1＇, ＇B3＇, ＇B5＇, and ＇BS＇ were stronger than those of ＇GT11＇ and ＇ROC16＇, and the Brazilian varieties had stronger growing capacity, higher nitrogen content and higher nitrogenase activity, and their symptom of nitrogen deficiency appeared later. In the pot cultivation experiment, the Brazilian varieties showed more stalks, stronger tillering and nitrogenase activity in leaves than ＇GT11＇ and ＇ROC16＇.