维药祖发奇尼的抗菌和解痉作用实验研究

Experimental Study on Antibacterial and Spasmolytic Activities of Uigur Herb ZuFaQiNi

目的研究人工种植维药祖发奇尼(神香草)精油和水提物抗菌作用及精油的解痉作用。方法分别以最低抑菌浓度法和滤纸片扩散法比较评价神香草精油和水提物抗菌作用,以卡巴胆碱(carbachol,CCh)和组胺(histamine,His)致气管平滑肌收缩,观察神香草精油的解痉作用。结果神香草精油比水提物表现出更为显著的抗菌效果,其对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌的MIC分别为0.1,0.2,0.4μg/ml。精油对由卡巴胆碱和组胺引起的离体鼠气管平滑肌的收缩表现出显著的舒张作用,IC50分别为9μg/ml和0.3μg/ml。结论人工种植维药祖发奇尼在抗菌和解痉方面均表现出显著的药理活性,为维医用药提供了科学依据;同时提示在开发抗呼吸道感染和哮喘药物方面,其精油具有潜在的价值。

Objective To evaluate the antibacterial activities of the essential oil and water extract of Uigur herb ZuFaQiNi （ Hyssopus officinalis） and the spasmolytic activities of the essential oil of the plant. Methods The effects of different parts of Hyssopus officinalis on bacteria were measured by MIC and filter paper diffusion, while the effects of relaxing the contraction of tracheal smooth muscle induced by carbachol and histamine were evaluated respectively. Results The essential oil exhibited greater antibacterial activities than those of water extract with MIC 0. 1,0.2 and 0.4μg/ml to Straphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans respectively. Volatile fraction also exhibited remarkable activities of relaxing tracheal smooth muscle on tested mice and guinea pigs with IC50 9 and 0.3μg/ml to carbachol and histamine contractile agents respectively. Conclusion Hyssopus officinalis cultivated in China possesses the pharmacological activities in antibacteria and spasmolysis which were in agreement with the practical uses of the plant for cough, asthma and bronchitis in Uigur medicine. According to our experiments, essential oil may hold the potential to be further developed as a therapeutic agent against respiratory infections and/or asthmas.