陆地棉芽黄近等基因系研究

Study on Virescent Near-isogenic Line in Upland Cotton

实施连续回交与自主并针对芽黄性状进行选择，将３个不同的芽黄基因分别导入５个陆地棉品种（系）。１８个性状观察值的方差分析结果表明，不同芽黄基因分１４导入同一达传背景对陆地棉农艺性状的影响存在差异。在中棉所１２近传背景中，ｖ＿（２０）使霜前花（％）下降，ｖ＿（１５）对旱熟性无不良影响，两者均对产量性状和植株形态性状产生极显著的负效应。ｖ＿（１０）、ｖ＿（２０）对鲁棉１号农艺佳状的影响明显不同，ｖ＿（１０）唯一极显著地降低了霜前花（％），而ｖ＿（２０）的不利影响涉及到产量、植株形态和早熟性状。通过芽黄近等基因系和轮回亲尤的比较发现，同一芽黄基因导入不同遗传背景对陆地棉在艺性状影响的范围和程度明显不同。在４个不同的运传背景中；ｖ＿（１０）的导入仅对鲁棉１号的早熟性产生不良影响；而对邢台６８７１的早熟性和纤维长度同时施加显著的负效应；引起８６一１遗传背景的麦克隆值增大以及霜前花比例下降；对ＰＤ９３６４的早熟、产量及植株形态性状产生显著或极显著的负效应。

Three virescent genes were transferred into five different varieties of uplandcotton by successive back crossing and selfing with selection for virescent.The resultsfrom analysis of variance indicated that the introgression of different virescent genes intothe same genetic background had different influence on agronomic characters in upland cot- ton. v15 had big negative effect on lint yield than v20 in CRI 12.At the same time percentageof prefrosty yield to the total decreased owing to v20's impact while v15 had no influence onmaturity.In Lumian No. 1 maturity postponement was affected by v10 and v20,and v20 alsoexerted unbeneficial effect on yield and plant morphological traits. On the contrary whenthe same virescent gene was transfered into different genetic background,different effectson the agronomic traits might also be found. In four genetic background v10 had no effect onquality traits except that it had negative influence on fiber length of Xingtai 6817 and posi- tive effect on macronaire value of 86一1.Earliness was affected by v10 in all background,so were yield and plant morphological characters in PD9364.