隐私的历史考察和思考

Historical Investigation and Thought of Personal Privacy

隐私是一个动态、发展的概念,其内容不是一成不变的,而是随着社会政治、经济、文化的发展和人们隐私意识的提高,其内涵不断丰富,外延不断扩展。政治上,公私领域的划分是其存在和发展的前提;经济上,生产力和科学技术的发展为其存在和发展提供了物质基础;心理上,人们对本能、自我保护和自我实现的需要为其存在和发展创造了动力;文化上,不同的文化传统使其存在和发展更具多样性。隐私是一种事实状态,不等同于隐私权的客体,更不等同于隐私权。

Personal privacy is a dynamic and developmental concept. Its content changes as the development of politics, economy and culture, as well as the human personal privacy consciousness raising. Politically, the partition between public and privacy is the premise for its existence and development; economically, productivity and the development of scientific technology provides with material base; psychologically, human self-protection and the need of self-realization create the drive; culturally, different cultural tradition makes it diversity. Personal privacy is a true state. It is different from object of the privacy rights, and also different from privacy rights.