高等教育大众化研究方法的比较与反思

Comparison and Reconsideration of the Methodology in the Researches of Mass Higher Education

在高等教育大众化研究中,研究方法使用的状况如何反映了该方面研究的科学性、规范性和价值。中外高等教育大众化研究方法上的共同点是思辨方法为高等教育大众化研究的主要方法,比较方法和多学科方法受到重视;不同之处在于国外高等教育大众化研究注重方法的全面性和多样性,国内则以思辨为主,定量为补充;在思辨方法中,国内的研究是以感悟性为主,而国外的研究是以比较和多学科方法为主;国内外的研究方法在方法论意识和规范性上区别很大。

The methods applied in the research of mass higher education reflect the scientific nature,standardization and value of the researchers on this problem.This paper surveys the methods of the research papers of mass higher education from 2001-2005.The methods applied in China and abroad are compared.We conclude that they are common in that speculative method is the most frequently used,and comparative and multi-disciplinary methods are highly recommended.Differences lie in that the research abroad covers almost all the methods while domestic researches give more importance to speculative methods than the quantitative methods;among the speculative methods applied,domestic researches give first importance to comprehensive speculative methods while comparative methods and multi-disciplinary methods are the main methods of the researches abroad.Therefore,the methodology in the research of mass higher education differentiates much in China and abroad.