农村非正规金融的履约机制综述

A Survey on the Fulfillment Mechanism of Informal Finance in Rural Areas

国内外文献对农村非正规金融履约机制的研究,主要包括信息和信任机制、硬预算约束机制、群体惩罚机制、灵活的担保机制、女性市场定位机制等。农村非正规金融的履约机制属于自我治理机制,它的有效性依赖于人们之间的信息沟通和信任机制。非正规金融中的民间借贷具有典型的契约性,使得民间借贷具备限制没有还款能力的人进入信贷市场以及使借款不还的人付出高昂成本的机制。群体惩罚是非正规金融组织有效运作的关键。非正规金融交易的担保更加灵活,形式多样。农村非正规金融具有极强的自生能力和可持续性,它与农村社会结构和社会文化相匹配。

The research on the fulfillment mechanism of informal finance in rural areas in domestic and foreign literature in this field includes information and credibility mechanism, hard budget constraint mechanism, collective punishing mechanism, flexible guarantee mechanism, and female market＇s positioning mechanism etc. The fulfillment mechanism of informal finance in rural areas is a self-governing one, whose effectiveness depends on people＇s information communication and the credibility mechanism. The nongovernmental borrowing and lending in informal finance has the distinctive contractual characteristic, which ensures it a mechanism limiting the entry of individuals without refunding ability into the credit market or else causing them huge costs. The collective punishment is the key in the effective operation of the organizations of the informal finance. The guarantee of the informal finance is more flexible and there are more varieties in the forms. Besides, the informal finance in rural areas has great viability and sustainability, and well matches the rural social structure and culture.