南北极海冰的时空变化特征

THE SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATION CHARACTERISTICS OF ARCTIC AND ANTARCTIC SEA ICE

本文分析了南北极海冰多年平均覆盖资料，给出南北极海冰的年内变化特征，极地海冰最多最少月份的空间分布。计算了2月及9月海冰年际变化方差分布，并对2月及9月南北极海冰7个分区域覆盖面积值作了EOF分解，为进行南北极海冰影响全球气候的数值试验提供了海冰变化的空间配置。本文还采用奇异谱分析（SSA）方法，分析了存在于极地海冰演变中的各种时间振荡周期。除了得到1年，半年周期以外，也发现存在1／3年周期振荡。我们还使用嵌入EOF分解技术，分析海冰的年际变化周期。SSA分析结果表明，SSA方法是非常直观，定量和高分辨的方法。

In this paper,the annual variation characteristics of sea ice and the spatial distribution ofsea ice for the largest and the least extent months are analysed for the fourteen years' sea icecover data of Arctic and Antarctic. The variance distributions of sea ice's interannual varia-tions are computed,and the ice cover area values are decomposed in seven regions for Febru-ary and September by using EOF technique in order to give the sea ice anomaly patterns forthe simulation of sea ice effects on global climate. The period phenomena in the time evolu-tion of Antarctic and Arctic sea ice are investigated by Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA)method. In addition to the one year and half year periods,there exists the four month period.The long period phenomena are also studied by the embeded EOF analysis. The results showthat SSA is a very audio - visual,quantitative and high resolution spectrum analysis tech-nique.