玉米果穗发育的生理特性研究

A Study on the Physiological Characteristics of the Ear Development in Maize

为了探讨玉米优良自交系选育中出现短苞叶品种的原因,从生理角度分析了两玉米自交系品种穗轴与苞叶生长发育变化趋势。结果表明:四个时期中139号苞叶硝酸还原酶活性非常低,对照1号的稍高一些。139号苞叶谷氨酰胺合成酶活性小于1号,且1号的酶活性变化较平缓。139号雌穗轴硝酸还原酶活性变化剧烈,授粉后15d达高峰,明显大于1号。139号雌穗轴谷氨酰胺合成酶活性前三时期始终大于1号,最后一时期二者几乎相等,但1号的酶活性变化平缓。就上述结果从氮代谢方面分析了139号苞叶与穗轴发育失调的原因。

In order to study the reason of the short husk variety in the process of maize inbred lines from microscopic perspective, the vascular bundle characteristic in the cob and the husk were measured using different varieties of the maize, including the short husk variety of 139 and the contrast variety of No.1. The physiological studies on the ear development of maize showed： In the four periods of ear husk nitrate reductive activity of No.139 was very lower than that of No.1. The husk activity was lower than that of No.1, and the change of glutamine synthetase activi ear nitrate reductive activity of No.139 moved acutely, and after 15days pollination growth, the glutamine synthetase of No.1 was flat. The that of No.139 reached maximum that was higher obviously than that of No. 1 at the same period. The ear glutamine synthetase activity of No.139 was always higher than that of No.1 in the first three periods. In the last period, the ear glutamine synthetase activity of two inbred lines were almost equal.