对国际卡特尔的有效惩罚额度研究

The Analysis of Effective Punishment Level against International Cartels

对国际卡特尔行为实施有效威慑的一个关键问题是如何确立惩罚额度。本文认为,无论是以美国为代表的3倍损失赔偿,还是以欧盟为代表的单倍损失赔偿,都不是合理的惩罚标准。对国际卡特尔的合理的惩罚额度应使卡特尔成员承担其非法行为所带来的全部社会成本,包括国际卡特尔的超高定价、社会净损失、调查诉讼成本以及监禁成本。

The key issue about effective deterrent to international cartel is the quota of punishments. This article argues that either the triple loss rewards of America or single loss rewards of European Union is not the reasonable standards of punishment. Based on the analysis of every county's relative provision and punishment status, this article points out that the cartel members should be charged with the whole social costs brought by their unlawful activities, and the whole cost should include the cartel overcharges, social deadweight losses, the costs of investigation and litigation, and the costs of imprisonment.