住院患者葡萄球菌属分离株临床分布与耐药性

Drug-resistance and Clinical Distribution of Staphylococcus Strains Isolated from Inpatients

目的研究住院患者葡萄球菌属分离株的临床分布特点及耐药状况。方法对2003-2005年医院住院患者各类标本分离到的葡萄球菌属作药敏试验和甲氧西林耐药性测定。结果共分离到葡萄球菌属768株,金黄色葡萄球菌290株(37.8%),MRSA检出率74.8%;凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌478株(62.2%),MRCNS检出率89.1%;主要分离自痰液、血液、脓及伤口分泌物标本;以儿科、ICU和肿瘤化疗的住院患者为主;>60岁的老年患者(48.7%)和<13岁的患者(33.2%)。结论住院患者的葡萄球菌属感染逐年增长,以耐甲氧西林菌株为主;做好葡萄球菌属感染的监测,控制感染源,切断传播途径,保护易感患者,积极预防葡萄球菌属感染的发生。

OBJECTIVE To investigate drug-resistance and clinical distribution characteristics of Staphylococcus strains isolated from inpatients. METHODS The meticillin-resistance and drug-resistance of the Staphylococcus strains isolated from the clinical specimens of the inpatients in our hospital between 2003 and 2005 were tested. RESULTS Totally 768 Staphylococcus strains were mainly isolated from sputum,blood,pus and wound secretion. The main clinical wards were from pediatrics,ICU, tumor chemotherapy departments. The age of these inpatients were mainly over 60 years old（48. 7%） and less than 13 years old（33. 2%）. Two hundred and ninety Staphylococcus aureus strains （37. 8%）and 478 coagulase-negative Staphylococcus strains （62. 2%）were included. The isolated rates of meticillin-resistant S. aureus and meticillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were 74.8% and 89.1%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Infections of Staphylococcus are increased year by year among inpatients. There are high rates of meticillin-resistant strains. It is very important to monitor infections of Staphylococcus, to control the source of infections, to interrupt their spread and to protect impressionable inpatients, in order to prevent infections of Staphylococcus actively.