激励自主创新:公共支出效应与最优规模

Incentive to Innovation Independently——The Effect and Optimal Scale of Public Expenditure

本文构建了公共支出激励自主创新的理论模型并进行了实证分析。理论模型表明,公共支出是激励自主创新的有效途径,存在一个激励自主创新的公共支出最优规模。实证分析表明,我国政府支出显著地激励了自主创新行为,但是,我国自主创新行为主要是由自身冲动所致,政府公共支出激励贡献度始终不超过20%;政府支出激励效应越来越大,但是起伏不定;激励我国自主创新的政府支出最优规模是:政府R&D经费支出占GDP的0.621%,现实规模不足最优规模的一半,但是,现实规模向最优规模趋近。我们的政策建议是:大力增加财政投入,提高财政资金使用效率,以有效地激励国家自主创新。

This paper builds up a theoretical model in which public expenditure stimulates the innovation independently. The theoretical model shows that public expenditure is the effective means which stimulates the innovation independently, and that there is optimal scale of public expenditure which is suitable to innovation independently. Positive analysis shows that China＇s public expenditure stimulates the innovation obviously. But the innovation is mainly due to the corporation themselves. The government＇s contribution rate does not exceed 20 percent. The optimal incentive scale is 0. 621 （proportion of government R＆D expenditure to GDP） . We suggest that China＇s government must invest in the innovation largely in order to stimulate the innoation independently.