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2Peter Mair and Ingrid van Biezen, "Party Membership in Twenty European Democracies, 1980-2000" in Party Politics, Vol.7. 2001, p. 12,pp. 17-19.
3美国国家选举研究(ANES).
4Paul Webb, David M. Farrell and Ian Holliday, Political Parties in Advanced Industrial Democracies, Oxford: Oxford University, 2002, pp.325- 326.
5王长江主编.《世界政党比较概论》.中共中央党校出版社,2002年版.第126页.
6David Butler and Gareth Butler, Twentieth-century British Political Facts 1990-2000, London: Macmillan Press, 2000,p. 150.
