老年冠心病患者个性特征及其与应对方式相关性的研究

A research about the relationship between the personality characteristics and the coping modes in elder patients with coronary heart disease

目的 探讨老年冠心病患者的个性特征及其与应对方式的关系。方法 应用艾森克个性问卷（EPQ）及医学应对方式问卷（MCMQ）对246例社区居家及住院治疗的老年冠心病患者进行测试研究。结果（1）老年冠心病患者的个性倾向以中间型为主占46．3％；其次为外向型占22．4％，倾向外向型占13．8％。情绪稳定性亦以中间型为主占44．3％，其次为倾向稳定型占20．7％，情绪不稳定型占15．9％，倾向不稳定型占10．2％。（2）与全国常模相比较，老年冠心病患者EPQ的E因子分显著高于常模，P因子分显著低于常模（P〈0．05）；（3）E因子与面对及回避应对方式得分呈正相关；N、P因子与屈服应对方式得分呈正相关，E、L因子与屈服应对方式得分呈负相关（P〈0．05）。结论 老年冠心病患者个性偏外向，情绪稳定性各异；应对方式与个性密切相关，社区与临床护理人员可针对患者的个性特征，采取有效的干预措施，促进患者应用积极的应对方式。

Objective To study the relationship between the personality characteristics and the coping modes in elder patients with coronary heart disease. Methods Interviewed 246 elder in-patients or community patients with coronary heart disease by Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire. Results The dominant personality characteristics of elder patients with coronary heart disease was middle, the ratio was 46.3%. The ratio of extroversion was 22.4%, tend-extroversion was 13.8%, while the tend-instability was 10.2%. Compared with the results of ordinary mode of Chinese, the scores of E factor of elder patients with coronary heart disease was significant higher, while the scores of P factor was significant lower. There were positive correlation between the E factor and confrontation,the E factor and avoidance coping modes,P〈0.05. The positive correlation between the N, P factors and compromising coping mode were significantly,P〈0.05, while there were negative correlation between the E, L factors and compromising coping mode,P〈0.05. Conclusions The personality characteristics of elder patients with coronary disease was muhiformity, the nursing cares should be used according to the different condition of different patients.