《鬼谷子》与战国纵横家之关系

The Relationships between Gui Gu Zi and the Political Strategists

刘歆撰《七略.诸子略》,一如其父之所谓“九流十家”,称纵横家为“其中可观者”之一。然而,后世学者对此多持异议,或以为“纵横家只有口才而无学术”;或以为《战国策》只是纵横家社会活动或政治活动事迹的记载,它本身不是一家学说。欲使其成为真正意义上的思想文化流派,就必须找到指导他们言行的理论纲领。如果我们将《战国纵横家书》的出土和《鬼谷子》书与战国纵横家联系起来,则可以说明纵横家作为“一家之说”的历史地位。

Liu Xin wrote Seven Strategies： Strategies of Personages, just as he father had named ＂nine genres and ten schoois＂ , referred to strategists as ＂a school worth studying＂. Nevertheless, scholars in later ages had doubts. They viewed strategists as having only eloquence but no competence; or War States Strategies only recorded the political and social activities of the strategists, who per se were not a community. To verify they were an ideological and cultural school, it is necessary to find the doctrine of their words and deeds. If the finding of The Book of War States Strategists and the book of Gui Gu Zi can be connected with the strategists, the historical position of the strategists being a school can be accounted.