对骨科患者施行术前康复教育的效果研究

Effect of preoperative rehabilitation education for orthopedics patients

目的:研究术前康复教育及训练演习对术后康复的影响。方法:选择在本院择期行股骨头置换或全髋关节置换手术的患者70例,用抽签法随机分为2组(各35例)。实验组术前接受排尿功能及肢体功能的康复教育及训练演习,对照组术前只接受一般指导,两组术后的康复训练程序完全一致。两组病例在性别、年龄、病情、各脏器机能方面均无显著性差异(P>0.05),比较术后第一次排尿情况,及术后第1、6个月末临床康复效果评价。结果:试验组患者第1次能自行排尿的情况明显优于对照组,具有显著性差异(P<0.01);试验组第4周末康复训练功能锻炼计划完成量多于对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。术后第1个月时,试验组的置换髋关节功能评分分别显著高于对照组,两组间有显著性差异(P<0.05),术后第6个月时,2组间无显著性差异。结论:术前康复教育及训练,可改善患者的心理状态,提高术后肢体早期功能训练的效率,有利于患者早日康复。

Objective：To study the methods and effects of preoperative rehalbilitation education and practice for patients in orthopedics department.Methods：Seventy patients underwent total hip joint replacement or femoral head replacement were randomly divided into the experiment group and the control group. Urination exercise and rehabilitation education and practice was performed before operation in experiment group.The control group has none of the education and exercise. Harris score was used to evaluate the hip joint functions of the patients in two groups respectively in 1 month and 6 months after operation.Results：For the first urination the experiment group was significantly better than the control （P〈 0.01）;The Harris score of the two group had significant difference by the end of 1 month（P〈0.05）;Six months later,there was no differences among two groups.Conclusion：Preoperative rehabilitation education and practice can improve the mental state of the patients and raise the efficacy of rehabilitation training after operation and so can make the patients recovery more quickly.