湖南理工学院大学新生SCL-90测查与分析

Survey and analysis on mental health of freshmen from Hunan University of Science and Engineering

目的探讨和分析地方理工院校大学新生心理健康状况,以便有效地进行心理健康教育和临床心理辅导。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对湖南理工学院2005级大学新生进行抽样测查,有效样本1362份。结果该理工院校2005级新生SCL-90总均分以及强迫、焦虑、恐怖、偏执和精神病5因子各自均分都显著高于全国常模(P<0.001);男生SCL-90总均分以及强迫、人际敏感、敌对、偏执和精神病5因子各自均分都显著低于女生(P<0.05或P<0.001);独生子女SCL-90总均分以及强迫、人际敏感、忧郁和精神病4因子各自均分都显著低于非独生子女(P<0.01或P<0.001);农村生源的学生强迫、人际敏感、忧郁和精神病4因子各自均分显著高于城镇生源的学生(P<0.05,P<0.01或P<0.001);该校文科类学生SCL-90总均分以及躯体化、强迫、人际敏感、忧郁、焦虑、恐怖和精神病7因子各自均分都显著高于理工类学生(P<0.01或P<0.001)。结论该理工院校大学新生心理健康状况须引起高度重视,女生、非独生子女、文科类学生心理健康水平较低。

Objective To explore the status of freshmen from lical university of science and engineering in order to carry effectively out mental health education and dinical psychological guidance. Methods Symptom Checklist - 90 （SCL-90） was applied to freshmen from Human University of Science and Engineering in Hunan Province in 2005. 1362 samples were valid. Results Freshmen from a local University of Science and Engineering had significantly higher total mean score and higher each mean score of five factors （obsessive-compulsive, anxiety, phobia anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychoticism） than the corresponding national norm of China （P 〈 0.001 ）. Male students had significantly lower total mean score and lower each mean score of five factors （obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, hostility, paranoid ideation and psychoticism） than female students （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.001 ）. The singletons had siguificandy lower total mean score and lower each mean score of four factors （obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression and psychoticism） than the non-singletons （P〈0.01 or P〈0.001 ）. Freshmen coming from countryside had signif- icantly higher each mean score of four factors （obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression and psychoti- cism） than freshmen coming from towns and cities. The freshmen majoring in Liberal Arts in the local university of science and engineering had significantly higher total mean score and higher each mean score of seven factors （somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, Phobia anxiety and psychoticism） than the freshmen majoring in Sciences. Conclusion The status of freshmen from the local university of science and engineering should be attached great importance to. The level of mental health of female students, non-singletons and freshmen majoring in Liberal Arts in the local university of science and engineering is lower than the others.