目前学术界关于乡镇政府体制改革的认识误区

The Understanding Erroneous Zone about Villages and Towns Government Organizational Reform in the Academic Circles presently

近年来,国内学术界围绕乡镇政府体制改革提出了“撤销乡镇”、“乡镇自治”、“乡公所制”、“县政乡派村治”、“削弱乡镇”或“加强乡镇”等等政策主张。这既表明了人们对于乡镇政府的地位和功能认识不清,也显示出了人们对乡镇政府到底是“弱化”还是“强化”、“行政化”还是“自治化”的基本判断存在着严重分歧。追根溯源,问题的关键在于西方政治社会学理论中关于“国家——社会”二元对立的认识范式不足以说明“国家/皇权-地方精英/士绅-乡村社会/农民”之间的互动关系;而“现代国家政权建设理论”虽然注意到了“国家——社会”非均质性的特点,但其整体论与实体论的理论品格仍然成为其致命的缺陷。因此,只有主体通过“他者视角”反观自身的“视阈剩余”时,才有可能把握主体的“超在性”,而一切“外来语”和主观推断终究不能站稳脚跟走好自己的路。

In recent years, the domestic academic circles centered on the villages and towns government organizational reform and proposed the policy： abolishing the villages and towns, the villages and towns autonomous, the township geographical unit of government system, the county pohtics,the township sending and the village governing, weakening the villages and towns or strengthening the villages and towns and so on. This had already indicated people are unclear about the status and function of villages and towns government, also demonstrated people has the serious difference on the basic judgment： villages and towns government will be the attenuation or the strengthening, administrative or autonomous. Gets to the bottom of a matter, the problem hes in： the dual opposition understanding model of nation-society in the Western politics sociology theory, is insufficient to show the exchange relation： the country/Imperial authority - district eite/Gentry - village society/farmer. However, although Modern state power construction theory noted the anisotropic characteristic of nation -society, its whole and entity still had its fatal flaw. Therefore, only when counter-view the own apparent threshold surplus through his angle of view threshold, the main body has the possibility to grasp his ＂surpassing in the nature＂, but all the loan words and the subjective inference cannot stand finn eventually.