浅谈唐诗中的颜色词“青”

Briefly talking about a color word qing in the poetry of the Tang Dynasty

唐诗中颜色词"青"有三个义项"黑""绿""蓝"。客观事物自身的模糊性造成了人们认知的模糊。在人们思维清晰化的过程中,"青"的"黑"义项逐渐弱化甚至可能消失,"青"主要用在褒义和典雅的语境里,"黑"出现在贬义和普通的语境里。"青"与"绿"都很活跃,出现了大量混用现象,包括实指与虚指。但在部分习惯用语里仍不能互换。而"蓝"作颜色词出现最晚、频率最低,意义比较实在。虚实的意义仍主要由"青"承担。

The color word qing in the poetry of the Tang Dynasty has three meanings--＂black＂, ＂green＂, and ＂blue＂. Vagueness of the objective things themselves causes people＇s vague recognition. In the process of clearness of their thinking, the ＂black＂ meaning in the qing gradually fades and even perish. The word qing is mainly used in the commendatory and elegant context while ＂black＂ often appears in the derogatory and common context. Both qing and ＂green＂ are so active that they are used in an intermixing way, including substantive meanings and empty ones. However, they can not be replaced by each other in some expressions. As a color word, ＂blue＂ appears latest in a lowest frequency with a substantive meaning. Empty and substantive meanings are still born by the word qing.