四川横断山区生态移民安置模式

Mode of the Ecological Immigrant's Resettlement in the Hengduan Mountain Areas,Sichuan By

四川横断山区既是长江上游最重要的生态屏障,又是我国新时期扶贫攻坚的重点区域。2004年,以生态环境保护和反贫困为目标的生态移民工程在这里开始试点,两年的实践证明,生态移民的双重目标直接导致移民意愿的双重性,出现了生态移民大部分为非自愿移民,小部分为自愿移民的特点。针对这一特点,四川横断山区出现了四种生态移民安置模式,即:高山农业居民移民模式——人林异位;高寒草原移民模式——退牧还草;干旱河谷区移民模式——易地致富工程;横断山区边缘区——市场化引导的自愿移民。四种模式并存的局面,为成功实施生态移民提供了更多的选择。

Hengduan Mountain area is either the most important ecological protective screen in the upper area of Changjiang river or the most difficult area of assisting the people in poverty. In 2004, the ecological immigration experimental project with the goal of protecting the ecology and fighting against poverty started here. The practice in these two years has proved that , the double goals of the ecological immigration has directly led to the double nature of the wills of the immigration. The characreristics is ： most of the immigrates are unwilling to immigate, only a small part of them are willing to do so . Aimed at this characteristics , four modes of ecological immigrants appeared , they are ： farmers in the high mountains＇ immigration mode both of the people and the forests exchange their orintal areas ; high and cold grassland immigration mode return pastoral area for grassland ; the arid river valley area immigration mode people move to another place and get rich project; border district in Hengduan mountain areas - - marketization leads the people willing to be immigrants mode. All of the four modes coexisiting, this situation has offered more choices for the successful ecological immigration.