黑土有机培肥对土地生产力及土壤肥力影响研究

Effects of Organic Soil Fertility Improving Material in Black Soil on Soil Productivity and Fertility

20年定位监测结果表明,有机肥与化肥配施处理,可显著提高土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量。其中,高量有机肥与氮、磷、钾化肥配施处理耕层有机质与全氮含量比试验前分别增加39.0%和30.7%。化肥与有机肥长期配施对土地生产力贡献优于相应化肥单施。N素化肥生产力贡献率72.9%,与有机肥配施对土地生产力贡献率92.2%,增产贡献率86.0%,比氮、磷、钾化肥处理增产贡献率高1.8%。有机肥对土地生产力贡献为80.3%,无肥处理贡献率为39.6%。高量有机肥与氮、磷、钾化肥配施对土地生产力贡献居首,能有效增加土壤养分含量,是提高生产力水平和培肥地力的最佳施肥结构。

The 20-year field monitoring location experiments indicated that the treatment of integrated use of organic manure and chemical fertilizers can significantly increase the contents of soil organic matter, total N and P, available N, P and K. With the combined application of high quantities of organic manure and chemical fertilizer, organic matter N,P and K increased by 39.0% and total N by 30.7%. With respect to the contribution to land productivity, the long-term integrated use of organic manure and chemical fertilizers was superior to the mere application of chemical fertilizer. The productivity contribution of N fertilizer was 72.9% and that of the integrated application was 92.2%. Its contribution to yield-increase was 86.0%, 1.8% higher than that under the N, P and K fertilizer treatment. The contributions of organic manure and no application treatment to land productivity were 80.3% and 39.6% respectively. The combination of high quantities of organic manure and N, P and K fertilizer was the highest as to productivity contribution, and could increase the nutrient contents of soil. It is the best fertilization structure of increasing productivity level and improving soil fertility.