青少年与成人安氏Ⅱ类深覆矫治机制的探讨

Comparison of Mechanisms of Treatment on Patients with Deep Overbite between Adults and Adolescence

目的比较在相同的拔牙模式和使用小平导板矫治深覆时,青少年和成人安氏Ⅱ类深覆矫治机制的异同点。方法拔除4个第一双尖牙或上颌第一双尖牙的青少年和成人安氏Ⅱ类深覆病例共32例,分成4组,均使用固定矫治器辅以平面导板矫治深覆,对治疗前后的X线头影测量结果进行分析和比较。并应用配对t检验进行统计学分析。结果成人与青少年深覆矫治机制的相同点为上切牙内收,上、下磨牙伸长;不同点为成人组下切牙均明显唇倾,下面高、下颌骨长度均无变化,而青少年组下切牙唇倾不明显,下面高、下颌骨长度和下颌平面角明显增加。结论使用固定矫治器辅以平面导板能有效矫治青少年期低角型安氏Ⅱ类深覆,并有助于面型的改善。

Objective To compare the mechanisms of treatment on deep overbite for Angle class Ⅱ malocclusion patients between adults and adolescence when selecting the same pattern of teeth extraction and auxiliary devices. Methods 32 cases of Angle class Ⅱmalocclusion with deep overbite were divided into 4 groups with extraction pattern of four first premolars or two upper first premolars in adults and adolescence respectively. Fixed appliance combined with anterior fiat bite plate were placed simultaneously to open deep overbite. Cephalometric analysis was performed before and after treatment, and all data were submitted to statistical analysis by paired t-test. Results All patients presented the same pattem of upper incisor retraction and slight molar extrution. Interestingly, obvious lower incisor proclination, few change in lower facial height and mandibular length have been found in adult groups, while little lower incisor proclination, significant increase in lower facial height, mandibular length and mandibular plane angle were displayed in adolescent groups. Condusion It is an effective approach to treat the low angle cases of Angle class Ⅱ malocclusion with deep overbite by using fixed appliance combined with anterior flat bite plate in adolescence, which is banifit to improve the profile appearance.