放电等离子快速烧结C/Cu复合材料的组织和摩擦磨损特性研究

Structure,Friction and Wear Characteristics of C/Cu Composites by Spark Plasma Sintering

利用机械合金化和放电等离子快速烧结法制备C/Cu复合材料,采用X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计、销-盘式摩擦磨损试验机和扫描电子显微镜对复合粉末和烧结体的组织结构、硬度、干摩擦条件下的摩擦磨损性能及其磨损机制进行分析.结果表明:C/Cu复合粉末尺寸随球磨时间的延长明显细化,C在Cu中形成过饱和固溶体;放电等离子烧结体组织致密、细小且均匀,随着碳含量增加,烧结体的硬度与密度减小;相对电解粗铜烧结样品而言,C/Cu复合材料表现出较低的摩擦系数和良好耐磨性,其磨损机制主要为粘着磨损和剥层磨损.

C/Cu composites were fabricated at 500℃ by spark plasma sintering technique using a mixture of copper and graphite powders which were mechanically alloyed. The morphology and structure of mechanically alloyed Cu/C composite powders were examined using scanning electron telecopy and X-ray diffraction. The hardness, tribological properties and wear mechanism of Cu/C compacts were assessed using microhardness and pin-on-disc tester under sliding condition, respectively. The mechanical alloying produced supersaturated solid solution of C in copper, the compacts by SPS revealed dense structure with fine particles uniformly distributed, and the hardness and density decreased with increasing C content. The coefficient of friction was low and wear resistance was improved for C/Cu composite compared with electrolytic coarse Cu compact. The dominant were mechanism was adhesive at low load and delamination wear at high load.