铝基-陶瓷粒子(Al-Al_2 O_3)铸造复合材料的实验研究

Experimental Study of Al-Al_2O_3 Particles Dispersed Cast Composite Material

Al 合金-Al_2O_3陶瓷粒子铸造复合材料是由硬质 Al_2O_3粒子在 Al 合金基体上均匀分散而构成.这种复合材料既有较高的硬度又有良好的塑性.尤其是与铝合金相比,其耐磨性有成倍提高.因而,这种材料可望用作耐磨、制动、防弹及遮蔽材料.由于 Al 合金液与 Al_3O_3陶瓷粒子的润湿性很差,两者的比重也有较大差异,因此Al_2O_3粒子在 Al 合金液中受到很大斥力,极易聚合沉降.改善 Al_2O_3粒子与金属液润湿性的措施通常有下列四个方面:(1)颗粒表面包覆金属;(2)向金属液中加入合金元素;(3)粒子预处理;(4)超声波振动熔体。至于制备工艺,常见的有下列三种:(1)喷入法.利用喷枪,以惰性气体作载体。

Cast metal matrix composite materials were prepared by adding Al_2O_3 particles into partial solified aluminium alloy.The influence of the volumic percent of the particles on the tensile strength,hardness and wear resistance of the cast composite materials was examined.Result shows that the wear resistance is improved considerably.