肝硬化门脉高压症治疗的新途径——干细胞移植研究进展

A new way to treat hepatic cirrhosis portal hypertension-stem cell transplantation

肝干细胞是多源性的，可分为肝源性肝干细胞和非肝源性肝干细胞两大类。多种成体组织来源的干细胞可在受者（包括鼠和人）肝脏内分化为肝细胞和胆管上皮细胞，为成体干细胞移植治疗肝硬化门脉高压提供了新思路。在临床应用中，肝干细胞移植具有移植技术简单、价格相对低廉，免疫源性小、易于低温保存，具有广泛的扩展性，体外基因转染率高，并能稳定高效地表达外源基因等优点；但肝内干细胞移植是否会引起肝脐肿瘤等问题尚未明确。

Hepatic stem cell can be classified to intrahepatic and extrahepatic stem cell. Several independent reports have suggested that muhipotent adult progenitor cells （MAPCs） can give rise to different hepatic epithelial cells types, including hepatic stem cells, hepatocytes, and bile duct epithelium, open new possibilities for cellular therapies of hepatic cirrhosis portal hypertension. In clinical implication, hepatic stem cell transplantation is simple in technique, less cost, light immunogenicity, convenient to be transfection, stable for gene expression. But whether human hepatic progenitor cells may cause hepatocellular carcinoma and other liver tumors remains uncertain.