由“本色”到“妙悟”:两宋诗学发展的逻辑进程——以“焕发真识”诗人论为中心

From "True Character" to "Intelligent Enlightenment":A Logical Course of Development of the Poetics in the South Song Dynasty——A Focal Theme on the Poetic View of "Stimulating the True Experience"

与两宋政治文化由“外王”向“内圣”转换、思想焦点由“道统”向“道学”转换相呼应,两宋诗学发展也经历了由以艺术作品为中心的尚“本色”向以艺术家气质为中心的重“妙悟”的转换。转换引发了两宋诗学星转斗移式的重新建构。重新建构起来的诗学,由“焕发真识”的诗人论、“忘我忘象”的艺术观、“进技于道”的创作论三大理论支柱支撑。以“焕发真识”诗人论为中心的两宋诗学史上这次转换的灵感源泉、知识基础、理论取向、逻辑进程,对中国文学、中国文论产生了实质性影响。

In response to the transformation of political culture in the North and the South Song Dynasty, the development of poetics in this historical period accordingly went through a transformation from ＂true character＂ with emphasis on the literary work to ＂intelligent enlightenment＂ with emphasis on the writer himself. This transformation started a revolutionary reconstruction of poetics. The reconstructed poetics was theorized with three dominant views, that is, the view of the poet as ＂stimulating the true experience＂, the view of artistic aesthetics as ＂going beyond the poets himself and beyond the situation＂, and the theory of writing as ＂improving techniques of writing by drawing upon the Tao＂. The historical transformation of the poetics in the Nortth and the South Song Dynasty exerted a substantial influence on Chinese literature and literary theory with its source of inspiration, foundation of knowledge, orientation in theory and logical course.