摘要
可交易排污许可证在传统的排污许可证基础上，引入市场机制。不但对企业选择污染控制手段赋予更大的灵活性，而且可以大大节约水污染控制费用、剌激企业开发并建设更加经济有效的污染控制技术。国外十多年的研究和实践证明可交易排污许可证是一种经济而有效的环境管理手段。水污染排放许可证制度在我国的应用已有一定基础。在条件具备的地区可以引进可交易水污染物排放许可证制度，本文回顾了“可交易水污染许可证制度”的理论分析和国外实践。
The Tradeable Discharge Permits System is based on the existing pollutant discharge permits system,but it imposes market forces upon the permits system to provide the polluters with flexibility to control pollution and to attain the desired water quality more cost effectively. Theoretical analysis and practices in a period of more than a decade have proved its economic efficiency and effectiveness. Based on the implementation of current permits system, some areas of China would be ready to introduce the new environmental management instruments. The paper reviews the rationale and developments of the tradeable discharge permits system for water pollution. Its potential application in China is also discussed.
关键词
排污许可证制度
可交易
水污染许可证
污染控制
discharge permits
water pollution control
emission rights
tradeable discharge permits for water pollution
