多环芳烃微生物降解基因的研究进展

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-degradation genes of microbes: A research review

多环芳烃(PAHs)是环境中普遍存在的一类有机污染物,微生物的降解是PAHs去除的主要途径。近年来,有关PAHs微生物降解途径和代谢产物的研究已有很多报道。小分子PAHs一般可以直接被微生物降解,而大分子PAHs则需要微生物以共代谢的方式降解。在过去20年中,微生物降解PAHs的基因相继被发现,各种基因在调控PAHs降解过程中的功能也越来越清晰。本文概述了PAHs微生物降解基因方面的研究进展,详细介绍了微生物对萘、菲的降解基因,最后对PAHs微生物降解基因的应用前景进行了展望。

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） are ubiquitous in the environment, while microbial degradation is considered to be an essential approach in their decontamination. Many researches have been made on the pathways and metabolic intermediates of PAHs degradation. In general, low molecular weight PAHs can be degraded by microbes directly, while the microbial degradation of high molecular weight PAHs should be carried through by co-metabolism. In the last two decades, the PAHs-degradation genes of microbes were discovered consecutively, and their structure-function relationships were studied. This paper summarized the research advances in these fields, with the focus on the genes in the microbial degradation of naphthalene and phenanthrene, and discussed their application prospects.