浙江省某沿海城市麻疹疫情现场流行病学调查

Epidemiological survey on measles in acoastal City of Zhejiang

目的调查和分析浙江省某市麻疹疫情流行特征,查明麻疹疫情流行的原因,探讨麻疹防治对策。方法现场流行病学调查,描述性流行病学分析,用血凝抑制(HI)法检测麻疹IgG抗体。结果2004年1月至2005年2月28日,全市共报告麻疹病例599例,男性343例,女性256例。2004年11月麻疹疫情开始流行,12月至次年1月达到高峰,病例分布广泛,散发和局部暴发并存。病例中无免疫史的占62.02%,免疫史不详占22.11%。共采集育龄妇女血清样本109份,其中抗体阳性105份,阴性4份,阳性率为96.33%,几何平均滴度为1∶8.0。结论需要加强麻疹疫苗的常规免疫工作,同时要考虑对大年龄组人群接种麻疹疫苗,继续加强麻疹监测,探讨流动儿童的计划免疫管理模式。

Objective： This survey was made to investigate and analyze the epidemic characteristics of measles in a City of Zhejiang Province, and to identify the reasons for the epidemic of measles for further prevention. Methods Field epidemiological investigation and descriptive epidemiological analysis were adopted and hemagglutination inhibition （HI） test was used to detect measles IgG antibody. Results From January 2004 to 28th, February 2005, 599 cases of measles were reported in the city with 343 cases of men and 256 cases of women. Measles epidemic began in November 2004, reaching a peak in December and January the next year, and the cases were widely distributed, with both distributed and local outbreak. Cases without immune history accounted for 62.02% and unknown cases accounted for 22.11%. Serum samples were collected from 109 women of childbearing age, 105 antibody-positive and four negative. Positive rate was 96.33%, geometric mean titer 1：8.0. Conclusion Routine immunization of measles vaccine should be strengthened, and older people should be vaccinated against measles. The monitoring of measles requires enhancement. Management model of EPI for flow children should be taken into discussion.