济南市乙型流感暴发疫情调查分析

Analysis of the survey on epidemic status of the outbreak of influenza B in Jinan City

目的分析济南市6起乙型流感暴发疫情的流行病学特征,对疫情控制措施做出评价。方法用描述性流行病学方法对6起暴发疫情进行分析,采集患者鼻咽拭子进行流感病毒分离鉴定。结果6起流感暴发疫情均发生于6所农村中小学,发生病例498人,平均罹患率为7.97%。疫情发生在2006年2～4月,以12岁以下小学生罹患率较高。以发热、咳嗽、流涕、头痛为主要症状,病程一般3￣5d。采集患者鼻咽拭子117份,分离到维多利亚(victoria)乙型流感病毒33株,阳性率为28.21%。结论6起流感样病例暴发疫情均为维多利亚(victoria)乙型流感暴发。加强学校晨检,严格隔离传染源,是及时发现、预防和控制流感疫情的重要措施。

Objective The present study was conducted to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the epidemic status of the six outbreaks of influenza B in Jinan City and evaluate the control measures against the epidemic status. Methods Descriptive epidemiologic methods were used to analyze the six outbreaks, and the nasopharyngeal swabs were collected to conduct the influenza virus isolation and identification. Results 6 influenza outbreaks, with 498 cases in all, occurred in six primary and high schools in rural areas during February and April 2006, and the average attack rate was 7.97%, especially higher among the students below 12 years old. The main clinical symptoms were fever, cough, rhinorrhea and headache, the course of diseases often lasted for 3-5 days. 117 samples of the nasopharyngeal swabs were collected. 33 strains of influenza B viruses were isolated and identified, and the positive rate was 28.21%. Conclusions 6 outbreaks of influenza-like disease were all influenza B. Strengthening the morning examination in schools and strict isolation of the source of infection are significant measures to timely discover, prevent and control influenza.