聚能药包在岩石控制爆破技术中的应用研究

Study on Application of Shaped Charge in Controlled Rock Mass Blasting Technology

聚能爆破技术是岩石控制爆破技术中有待开发的领域。根据爆炸力学、岩石断裂力学理论,从当前控制爆破面临的问题入手,对线性聚能药包(Linear shaped charge)在岩石定向断裂爆破中裂纹的产生、扩展以及主要爆破参数进行了分析研究,并利用自制线性聚能药包在巷道掘进中进行了试验。试验结果是聚能药包形成的巷道轮廓外爆震裂隙不明显,巷道断面平整,凹凸量不超过50mm,眼痕率高达96%以上,经济和社会效益明显。这些均表明聚能爆破是一种理想的定向断裂控制爆破技术。

Cumulative explosion is a new controlled blasting technology, which can resolve the problems existing in present control blasting. According to the dynamics of explosion and fracture mechanics, the initiation mechanism of the crack and its expansion in orientated fracture blasting with linear shaped charge were studied and the shaped charge cutter were designed and tested in field. The satisfactory blasting effects have been achieved, the ruggedness of fracture plane is less than 55 mm and the rates of half-hole marks are over 96 %, which suggests that the controlled blasting with linear shaped charge is a good means in directional fracture controlled blasting.