高灌蓝莓光合作用对若干环境因子的响应

Response of Photosynthesis to Some Environmental Factors of High-bush Blueberry Cultivars

研究了4个高灌蓝莓品种（‘泽西’、‘日出’、‘乔治亚吉姆’和‘里维尔’）的光合作用启动过程，及其光合作用对环境因子的响应。结果表明：4个品种的光合启动时间均较长（46～75min），其中‘里维尔’的光合启动最快，‘日出’最慢。这4种蓝莓的CO2补偿点均较高（89～121μmol·mol^-1），是典型的C3植物。相对南高灌蓝莓品种，北高灌品种‘日出’和‘泽西’具有较高的光合能力、羧化效率、PSⅡ最大光化学效率和饱和光强，‘日出’的光补偿点最低（18．22μmol·mol^-2·s^-1），具备耐阴生树种的特征。北高灌品种的光合最适温度较低，范围也较窄（23～25℃），不适宜在南方高温地区种植；相比之下，南高灌品种‘里维尔’具有较高和较宽的光合最适温范围（23～35℃），适宜引种的区域范围较宽。

The photosynthetic induction and response of photosynthesis to environmental factors were investigated in 4 high-hush blueberry cultivars. The results showed that the time of photosynthetic induction was quite long （46 -75 min）, the photosynthetic induction was the fastest in Reveille, whereas it was the slowest in Sunrise. The CO2 compensation points were rather high （89 - 121 μmol·mol^-1 ） in the 4 cultivars, indicating that all of the 4 cuhivars are typical C3 plants. Compared to southern high-hush blueber ries, the northern high-hush blueberries Sunrise and Jersey had higher photosynthetic ability, carboxylation efficiency, the maximal photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ and saturation light intensity. In addition, the Sunrise had the lowest light compensation point and characteristics of shade tolerant plant. However, the optimum photosynthetic temperature was lower and the range of it was narrower （23 - 25℃ ）, indicating that these cultivars were not suitable to grow in southern region with high temperature. The southern high-hush blueberries Reveille, as compared with northern high-hush blueberries, had a wider range （23 - 35 ℃ ） of optimum photosynthetic.temperature, which extended its range of introduction and cultivation.