分娩期吸入氧化亚氮镇痛对母婴影响的临床药学分析

Effect by Clinical Pharmacical Analysis of Analgetic Nitrous Oxide During Delivery

目的 探讨分娩期吸入氧化亚氮镇痛方法对产妇及新生儿的影响。方法 280例无合并症及并发症的初产妇，在宫口开大3cm时，吸入氧化亚氮开始进行分娩镇痛，设为镇痛组；250例同期相同条件的产妇设为对照组，两组进行产程、产后出血量、剖宫产率、新生儿Apagar评分、新生儿高胆红素血症发生率、产后泌乳情况进行比较。结果镇痛组新生儿Apagar评分、新生儿高胆红素血症发生率、产后泌乳、产后出血量和对照组比较无差异。产程进展显著快于对照组，剖宫产率显著低于对照组。结论 氧化亚氮作为分娩镇痛，具有对母婴影响小；易于给药，起效快，作用可靠，产妇清醒，不影响宫缩等优点，值得在临床推广使用。

Objective To detect the effect on pregnant and neonatal by nitrous oxide inhalation during delivery.Methods 280 cases of primipara with no complication was divided into study group, they used nitrous oxide when cervical os enlarged for 3cm during delivery, 250 cases pregnant with the same condition was divided into control group, two group were compared with the labor stage ,postpartum hemorrhage rate , caesarean-section rate, neonatal Apgar score ,hyperbilirubinemia rate, postpartum breast secreting rate. Results There were no differencein postpartum hemorrhage rate, neonatal Apgar score ,neonatal hyperbilirubinemia rate, postpartum breast secreting rate between two groups, but the labor stage was significant faster than that of controd group. The caesarean-section rate war marked lower in study group than that of control group. Conclusion The analgetic effect by nitrous oxide during delivery was less effect to maternal and neonatal, easy to give drug, the effect more quickly and with reliable effects. The prenants kept clear head, and with no effect to uterine contraction. The analgetic mothod was worth application in clinical.