大豆种质的倒伏性调查及其相关农艺性状分析

ANALYSIS OF LODGING AND SOME RELATED AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS IN SOYBEAN GERMPLASM

倒伏是大豆高产的主要限制因子之一。以60份大豆地方品种和育成品种为材料,调查和分析了大豆倒伏性及其与茎秆性状和产量性状的关系。结果表明,不同品种间倒伏性存在显著差异,倒伏的严重程度与茎秆性状有关。大豆品种的倒伏级别与株高、主茎节数、节间长、分枝数等性状的相关系数均达1%显著水平,茎秆性状与单株籽粒产量、单株荚数和单株粒数等呈极显著正相关,但与百粒重呈负相关。不同倒伏级别组之间产量性状表现显著差异,2级倒伏组是具有轻度倒伏和高产潜力的种质资源。

Lodging strongly affects both seed yield and quality of soybean [Glycine max （L.） Merr. ]. The objective of this study was to investigate lodging score of 60 soybean cultivars and analyze some traits correlated with lodging. The results showed that significant differences of lodging were found among various cultivars （P 〈 0.01）. The correlation analysis indicated that lodging score was positively correlated （P 〈 0.01） with soybean stem characters, such as plant height, node number of main stem, internode length and branch number. There was a significant positive relation between stem characters and seed yield per plant, pod number per plant and seed number per plant, and also there was a negative relation between the stem characters and 100- seed weight. It was suggested that the stem characters affected both the resistance of soybean to lodging and yield. The variance analysis indicated that there were significant differences of yield characters among different lodging scores. In addition, some accessions with higher yield and low lodging score were from 2nd group of lodging score.