尉犁地名和柔然源流考

On the Place Name Yuli and Rouran

“尉犁”(包括天山北麓的“于娄”、“于赖”)地名源于(J)yrgir部落之名。“柔然”(虫柔蠕,蠕蠕,芮芮,茹茹)、“於尼讙”、“预龙”、“诸洛固”等部落联合体(政权)或部落名是(J)yrgir的不同音译形式。汉宣帝时该部曾移居焉耆及尉犁等地。相对稳定的社会环境,为该部的发展奠定了基础。在汉地先进的铁制农具、兵器、相关的制度文化以及塔里木盆地土著印欧语居民文化的影响下,亦加快了其社会发展进程。这是该部在两汉以后能得以崛起的重要原因。柔然是突厥语族群中最早信仰佛教的部落,柔然汗国还使用汉语年号,表明该部虽远在西域,却受到了汉文化的深刻影响。

The place name Yuli came from the tribe name of （J）yraegir and Rouran was the ally of different tribes or a different phonetic translation of the tribe （J）yraegir. When Emperor Xuan was in reign in the West Han Dynasty, this tribe migrated to Yanji and Yuli. Relative stable social environment laid foundation for the development of this tribe. Under the influence of the advanced Han culture in making iron farming tools and war weapons, their relevant institution cultures and the native Indo-European peoples in the Tarim Basin, this tribe developed very fast, which was why this tribe rose up in power after the Han Dynasty. This tribe was the earliest to believe in Buddhism in the Turkic tribes and used the reign title borrowed from the Han people. This indicates that, though far away in the Western Region, this tribe was greatly influenced by the Han culture.