武汉市城市社区健康相关问题调查与对策分析

Knowledge and Behavior About Health of Urban Residents in Wuhan

目的了解武汉市城市社区居民健康相关问题的现状,有针对性地对社区居民开展健康教育。方法对300名武汉市城市社区居民进行现况调查,并对认知、行为、获得知识途径等进行了分析。结果城市社区居民健康知识知晓率较高为88.0%,其中控烟知识、婚检知识答对率很高分别为97.0%和95.0%,体检知识、艾滋病防治知识、肺结核有关知识等知晓情况也较好,而慢性病相关知识答对率却较低均低于50.0%。居民不健康行为仍然存在,特别是男性吸烟率(72.5%)和饮酒率(67.50%)都较高。结论城市社区健康教育的重点应放在居民日常生活中如何预防慢性病上,健康教育工作应更细致、更具体、更广泛、更深入。要使获得的知识和信息最终转化为行为改变,社区健康教育工作者应在动员全社区和多部门的力量上下功夫。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the knowledge and hygienic behavior among urban residents in Wuhan. METHODS A questionnaire survey was conducted among 300 urban residents selected by cluster random sampling. RESULTS The correct answer rate about health knowledge was 88.0% among urban residents, the correct answer rate about tobacoocontrol, ante-nuptial physical checkup reached 97.0%, 95.0% respectively. And the correct answer rate about physical examination, HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis were also high. But the correct answer rate about chronic non-infection disease were lower than 50.0%. The impair-health behavior such as smoking and drinking reached 72.5%, 67.5% respectively among male residents. CONCLUSIONS We should put the emphasis of urban community health education on the prevention of chronic non-infection disease. To improve the behavior changes, we should call up the participation of whole community.