胃癌信号转导通路治疗靶点的研究进展

Research advances on signal transduction pathways as therapy targets in gastric cancer

近40年来,人们对细胞毒性药物治疗胃癌研究较多,也取得了一些进展,但其疗效一直不很理想。与此同时,随着肿瘤生物学的发展,人们对胃癌发病分子基础的研究也取得了长足的进步。目前,已经了解到在肿瘤发生过程中出现了一些基因的改变以及由此而产生的细胞功能的变化,此外也发现了多种癌细胞环境因子通过作用于其受体及信号转导通路而影响肿瘤细胞的功能。越来越丰富的关于胃癌细胞分子生物学等方面的知识,使利用信号转导通路为靶点研究新的抗癌药物成为可能。

During the last forty years, although cytotoxic chemotherapy for gastric cancer patients has improved to some extent, its therapeutic effect is limited. Simultaneously, great progression of oncobiology to increase our understanding of the molecular basis of gastric cancer has been made. Currently the cancer cell has been characterized by several genetic changes that lead to altered cellular functions. In addition, multiple cancer-cell environment factors affect the tumor cell via various receptors and subsequent signaling pathways. The increasing knowledge of cellular signaling offers the opportunity to develop novel substances that target specific pathway molecules.