甲鱼养殖废水作为温室番茄栽培灌溉用水的效果研究

Irrigation Using Turtle Cultivation Wastewater for Greenhouse Tomato Production

针对甲鱼养殖废水排放所造成的环境负荷、资源浪费和温室栽培灌溉的大量用水需求,采用塑料温室栽培试验方法,研究了将甲鱼养殖废水作为温室樱桃番茄栽培灌溉用水的可行性和效果。试验中养殖废水与自来水混合的比例设为:0、50%和100%,栽培试验在无基肥和添加基肥两种情况下进行。结果显示,无基肥添加时,用100%养殖废水灌溉番茄时对其茎粗生长和产量的促进作用明显,番茄茎粗比用纯自来水灌溉的增大约8.6%,产量增加24%左右。50%的养殖废水灌溉效果介于纯甲鱼废水和纯自来水之间;添加基肥时,用50%养殖废水灌溉的番茄茎粗比纯自来水灌溉的增大6%左右,50%和100%养殖废水灌溉情况下的番茄收获量在6月底基本相同,比用纯自来水灌溉的增加约3.8%。养殖甲鱼废水中的养分能部分供给作物生长需要,对有、无基肥添加情况下的樱桃番茄生长都显示出一定的促进作用,但养殖废水的稀释程度对作物生长效果要根据栽培基质的养分管理不同而定。

Turtle cultivation wastewater discharging directly would bring about a heavy burden on our environment while wasting a great deal of valuable nutrients in it. On the other hand, growing greenhouse vegetables requires a lot of water and nutrients. This study was aimed to investigate the feasibility and effect of irrigating cherry tomato with turtle cultivation wastewater. The mixing ratio of wastewater and tap water was designed to 0, 50% and 100%, the mixed liquid was applied in two substrate cultivation eases, with or without initial fertilization. Under no initial fertilization case, the stem diameter and fruit harvest increased 8.6% and 24% respectively, compared with that irrigated with tap water, the growth of tomato irrigated with 50% wastewater lying in between 0% and 100%. While, under the initial fertilization ease, the stem diameter irrigated with 50% wastewater increased about 6% compared with that irrigated with tap water, while the increment of harvest fruits about 3.8%, no obvious difference in fruits harvest was found between 50% and 100% wastewater irrigation. The plant could absorb nutrients in turtle wastewater, and boost cherry tomato to some extend with and without initial fertilization; the optimum dilution ratio depended on the management of nutrient in cultivation substrate.