农村生活垃圾源头分流收集效果影响因素分析

Factors Affecting the Separation Quality of Source-Separated Collection for Rural Waste

为提高已在太湖地区农村示范运行的生活垃圾源头分流收集系统的有效分拣率,通过建立分拣人员个人决策(经济)模型,对相关的影响因素进行了分析。结果表明,各因素对有效分拣率影响的敏感度排序为:劳动力成本>垃圾中可回收废品含量>可回收废品单价>垃圾处置成本>垃圾中可堆肥垃圾含量。根据各因素的可调控性,建议采用由分拣人员定额包干垃圾处置成本的方式,以刺激分拣人员的积极性,从而提高有效分拣率。

In order to improve the sorting efficiency of source-separated collection system for residential refuse in rural areas, which had been established in the demonstration rural areas of Tailake Catchment, relative factors were analyzed through individual decision model of sorting workers. The model assumed that the decision of sorting workers was based upon the labor cost should be less than the benefits from recoverable refuse sold and decreases of refuse disposal cost. The model has parameters as follows： labor cost （c）, percentage of recoverable refuse （r）, unit price of recoverable refuse （d）, percentage of compostable refuse （g）,disposal cost of refuse （b）, and a relationship between the sorting ef- ficiency and sorting time. According to the relationship estimated with the test in site, the sensitive analysis of the parameters has been done. The analysis shows that the sensitivity of factors followed the sequence of c 〉 r 〉 d 〉 b 〉 g. In terms of operability, it is suggested to contract with sorting workers upon the quantity of the wastes to be disposed, so as to stimulate the initiative of sorting workers and improve the sorting efficiency. If the efficiency of 90% be needed, the cost of refuse disposal should be more than 121 RMB per ton.