计算机焦虑的现状研究

Research on the present status of computer anxiety

目的:介绍计算机焦虑的相关研究并探讨该领域的重点问题和未来研究方向。资料来源:应用计算机检索外文期刊Elsevier SDOL(Science Direct Online)数据库中的1997/2006的文章,检索语种为English,检索词为“computeranxiety”。同时手工查找相关书籍。资料选择:对资料进行初审,选择详细介绍计算机焦虑的文献,查找全文。特别是与计算机焦虑影响因素和计算机焦虑的计算机辅助干预相关的文献。资料提炼:共收集到106篇,按上述标准纳入16篇,在此基础上继续搜索已有文献的参考文献,最后得到有关文献30篇。30篇文章中有12篇全面介绍了计算机焦虑,有3篇介绍了计算机态度,有3篇是介绍自我效能感,2篇介绍计算机焦虑的计算机辅助治疗,7篇介绍计算机焦虑性别差异的问题,3篇介绍了与计算机焦虑相关的量表。资料综合:国外在这方面已有很好的研究,国内在该领域的相关文献很少。通过对国外研究测量所得的数据分析,计算机焦虑是一个很普遍的心理现象,同时伴有生理唤醒,而且它的发生率相当广泛。目前针对计算机焦虑问题的测量工具有很多,但仍没有一个标准测量工具。引起计算机焦虑的相关因素有很多,研究者通过对这些因素的分析提出了许多针对性的干预方法。其中计算机辅助干预是基于认知行为治疗发展起来的,具有很高的经济性和可行性。结论:计算机焦虑的发生率很广泛,但严重的不多。目前关于计算机焦虑的研究结果不一致,可能与没有标准的测量工具有关。计算机焦虑的治疗应根据专业和气质类型不同而有所区别。

OBJECTIVE： To introduce relevant researches on computer anxiety, and discuss some important issues and the future research orientations. DATA SOURCES： A computer-based online search in the Elsevier Science Direct Online （SDOL） database was undertaken to identify the relevant articles published in English between 1997 and 2006 with the keywords of ＂computer anxiety＂. Meanwhile, relevant books were manually looked for. STUDY SELECTION： In the first trial, the papers wholly introduced the computer anxiety, especially those about the influencing factors of computer anxiety and computer assistance intervention about computer anxiety were chosen and looked for the full text. DATA EXTRACTION： Totally 106 articles were collected, and 16 met the inclusion criteria mentioned above, based on which obtained references were searched and 30 relevant literatures were finally collected. Twelve articles introduced computer anxiety, 3 introduced computer attitude, 3 particularly introduced the relation between computer anxiety and self-efficacy, 2 introduced computer assistance intervention on computer anxiety, 7 introduced gender difference on computer anxiety, and 3 introduced scales on computer anxiety. DATA SYNTHESIS： There were many researches on computer anxiety abroad, but only a few literatures could be found in China. According to the analysis on data of abroad researches, it can be known that computer anxiety is a pervasive psychological phenomenon with physiological arouse usually. And the occurrence of computer anxiety varies widely. However, many scales have been designed, none is standard. Computer assistance intervention about computer anxiety has been developed based on cognitive-behavioral therapy technology, and it is proved to be effectual and economical. CONCLUSION： The occurrence of computer anxiety is wide but not serious. At present, researches on computer anxiety are not coincident, which might be related with lacking of standard measurement equipment. Treatment of computer anxiety should vary according to different specialties and quality types.