输气管道音波泄漏检测技术的研究

Research on acoustics leak detection technology in natural gas pipeline

输气管道泄漏的检测与定位,是管道维护及管道安全运行的重要研究课题.将音波检测方法应用于输气管道的泄漏检测,介绍了音波泄漏检测与定位的基本原理.阐述了采用相关分析法进行泄漏定位的数据处理方法.设计完成了传感器信号提取、模拟信号滤波和A/D数据转换等硬件电路.在单片机上移植Small Rtos51嵌入式实时操作系统,有效管理检测任务,实现信号采集、数据传输和异常情况处理,从而提高了系统的实时性和可靠性.通过搭建输气管道试验平台,对试验数据采集、处理及仿真,论证了音波检测方法应用于输气管道泄漏检测的可行性.

Leak detection and location in natural gas pipelines is very important for the maintenance and safe operation of pipelines. The acoustic leak detection method in natural gas pipelines was investigated. The basic principles of the acoustic detection and location of pipeline leak were introduced. The correlation analysis method for leak location was explained. Many hardware circuits including the sensor signal extraction circuit, analog signal filter circuit and A/D conversion circuit were designed. The system design on the basis of Small Rtos51, which could provide real-time applications with singlechip microcomputer, was presented. The embedded real-time operating system can effectively manage the detection tasks including data acquisition, data transmission and exception handling. The feasibility of this method for leak detection and location of pipelines has been demonstrated through establishment of experimental device, as well as collection, analysis and simulation of testing data.