桐城“三祖”古文理论比较

The Comparison of Fangbao,Liu Dakui and Yaonai's Theories on Ancient Prose

桐城“三祖”的古文理论,就文、道关系的认识而言,方苞重在“道”,刘大櫆重在“文”,姚鼐文道合一。方苞的“义法”说主要是针对科学之文,实用之文而言,强调的是理性内涵和逻辑形式;刘大櫆的“神气”说主要是针对文艺之文而言,强调的是审美意味和艺术技巧;姚鼐的“义理、考据、文章”说是对方苞、刘大櫆理论的整合,取长补短。桐城派作为我国文学史上的一个散文流派,创始于方苞,变化于刘大櫆,成熟于姚鼐。

On the relation ship between literature and Confucian orthodoxy,Fangbao paid attention to the Confucian orthodoxy,Liu Dakui emphasized the literature,and Yaonai claimed that literature and Confucian orthodoxy were a unit. Fangbao＇s ＂Yifa ＂ （the argumentation of the article） was aimed at the articles of science and practical writing. Fang insisted on the meanings of logs and the form of logic. Liu Dakui＇s theory of ＂Shenqi＂ was aimed at the literature,and Liu paid more attention to aesthetic taste and art technique. Yao＇s theory of ＂Yili,Kaoju and Wenzhang＂ was the conformity of Fang＇s and Liu＇s. The genre of Ton Cheng was an essay genre in Qing Dynasty,and it was founded by Fangbao,developed by Liu Dakui With the efforts of Yaonai,the Ton Cheng genre was mature.